ΰ ο 巯 ȭ ÷ϡ Ҽ » п ۰ ݿ ܷ ǥ. ܷ 100ֱ⸦ ¾ 庻, ӴϽƮ 蹮п ó ̴ ܵ Ⱓ̴. ָ Ȳ 塯̶ ڿ ٿ, ó ڵ £ ܷ ü ε巴 ֵ Ӱ ߴ. ǥ 庻 Ŷ η Ա ڸ ְ ߴ. 塷 ⼱ Ρ Ǵ Ŀ ι . ο ΰ ̷ ΰ ǿ ϰ 簡 ִ. ŻĹ, , ɸ , , ̴ ó پ ؼ Ʋ ִ, ̴. ̱ ȸ SAT 嵵, ũ 100 ȭ ÷ϡ Ҽε ˷ ִ. йڻ ü ʿ п ̱ۡ ϴ.
ܷ ε ƴϾ . 1857 ϿŰ ̸ ¾. þ 踦 ް ־, װ ƹ üǾ 踦 ߴ. Ӵϰ ŵξ, ƹ . ȥڰ ״ ܻ ؿ ڶٰ ϰ Ȱ ߴ.
װ ϰ 쿬̾. Ƿ þư 㰡 ʿߴ. ״ 㰡 ߰, ذǾ. ״ þ 㰡 ʿ 迡 ö, 8 ȭߴ. ػ ϴ ƴƴ Ҽ ߴ. ù Ҽ ˸̾ ൿ(1895) Ⱓ , ߹ڡ(1896), üȣ ˵̡(1897) Ⱓߴ. ܷ ó ˾ƺ ۰ ݷ Ұ, ӽ, Ŵ ģ ξ. 1899 ī Ѱ Ҽ ٽɡ ǥ, 1900 ħϴ 迡 ° ΰ ģ ػ ϴ⸦ ٷ ǥ ε Ⱓߴ.
뽺Ʈθ(1904), (1907), Ρ(1911) Ҽ ǥϸ ۰μ ġ . ȸ ٷ ִ ǰ 뿡 ұϰ ܷ ڽ ġ ߴٰ Ѵ. û ӵ巹 ģ ξ, 1912 ŸŸȣ ħ л 䱸 ߴ.
ܷ 66 ̷ Ÿߴ. < Ҽ>, <ؾ Ҽ> ָ Ѿ Ѱ輱 ٱ 巯 ΰ ɿ ִ Ҽ ݵ ۰ ϳ ߾ӹް Ѵ. ٽɡ ȭ [ ÷] ǰ ȭȭ ο ҷ۵, Ե Ҽ 谡 ÷ ǵ帮 ֱ ̴.